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Herp Housing & Handling

Herpetoculture

Pensacola Jr College

Housing Herps

Background Information

w    Where in the wild does the species live?

w    When it is active?

w    What are its habits and lifestyle?

w    What are the legal maintenance requirements?

Use background knowledge to determine:

w    Enclosure size, shape, and materials

w    Enclosure habitat setup

w    Whether to include multiple individuals or mixed-species in enclosure

Enclosure Materials

w    No wire cages for herps, why?

•    Thermal needs

•    Injuries from rubbing, climbing, etc

w    Solid tanks for aquatics and semi-aquatics

w    Glass, plexiglass, yards, etc

Enclosure Size Guidelines:

w    Snakes:

•    LxW = ½ x ½ body lengths

•    H = full length up to 8 feet if arboreal

w    Lizards:

•    LxW = 3 x 1 body lengths

•    H = 2 x length if arboreal

Enclosure Size Guidelines:

w    Turtles:

•    LxW = 5 x 3 body lengths

•    H = 2 x length to prevent escapes (plus one foot above water for aquatic enclosures)

Habitat Setups

w    Quarantine enclosures

w    Terrestrial enclosures

w    Scansorial enclosures

w    Fossorial enclosures

w    Arboreal enclosures

w    Semiaquatic enclosures

w    Aquatic enclosures

Quarantine enclosures

w    For new specimens

w    Artificial habitats with maximum simplicity, not natural materials (why??)

w    Meet needs for lighting, security, thermoregulation, humidity, etc.

Quarantine

Terrestrial enclosures

w    For some toads and salamanders, tortoises, many lizards and snakes

w    Simple but with variety

w    Irregularities (caves, rocks, shelves) provide different microclimates to allow for thermoregulation

Terrestrial

Scansorial enclosures

w    For lizards living in rocky crevices

w    Need rocks with caves and crevices, cement together with non-toxic silicone

w    Anchor to prevent toppling

w    Heat/light elements high enough to prevent burning

Scansorial

Fossorial enclosures

w    For burrowers – some snakes, lizards, turtles, amphisbaenians, caecilians

w    Need several inches of burrowable substrate over a drainage layer

Fossorial

Arboreal enclosures

w    For tree-dwellers – some lizards, snakes, and frogs

w    Sturdy branches or shelves securely fastened

w    Shielded lighting and heating elements

Arboreal

Semiaquatic enclosures

w    For some frogs, snakes, turtles, and crocs

w    Consider dimensions of aquatic and dry land regions based on biology of species

w    Secured heating and lighting elements (so they won’t fall into water)

Semiaquatic

Aquatic enclosures

w    For some frogs, newts, turtles, snakes, and gharials

w    Large bodies of water

w    Filtration

w    Haul out areas if needed

w    Strong waterproof enclosure

w    Secured heating / lighting

Aquatic

Putting herps together?

w    Natural temperment of species

w    Individual personalities

w    Space requirements

w    Do species share habitats in nature?

w    Potential predator-prey relationships

Mixed Species Exhibit

Herp Handling

Principals of Handling

w    Body support:

•    Front and rear support

•    Some turtles by rear of shell

•    Small snakes with snakehook

w    No tail handling in species with caudal autotomy

w    Control of head in species with biting potential

w    Venomous snakes: review