Reproductive
Failure -- Diseases
Animal Breeding
Pensacola Jr College
Repro Disease
Categories
w Bacterial Diseases
w Protozoan Diseases
w Viral Diseases
Bacterial Diseases
w Vibriosis
w Leptospirosis
w Brucellosis
1. Vibriosis
w
Bacterium
= Campylobacter
w Infects: hoofstock
w Transmission: VD or
contaminated feed / water
w Results: low fertility and
abortions
w Diagnosis: lab tests
required
w Prevention: vaccinations and
carefully keeping vibrio-free herds
w Treatment: streptomycin
Campylobacter
fetus
2. Leptospirosis
w
Bacterium
= Leptospira
w Infects: most mammal types
w Transmission: ingest
infected urine or inhale urine aerosols; semen
w Results: abortions plus
anorexia, temperature, bloody urine
w Diagnosis: lab tests
required
w Prevention: vaccinations and
good sanitary practices
w Treatment: no general
antibiotic works well
Leptospira
interrogans
3. Brucellosis
w
Bacterium
= Brucella
w Infects: hoofstock and some
other groups
w Transmission: contaminated
feed or water; semen
w Results: abortions,
sterility, infections of uterus, testes, epididymides
w Diagnosis: lab tests to
detect antibodies required
• Brucellosis Ring Test (BRT)
used on herd milk in cows
w Prevention: vaccinations;
USDA test and slaughter program
w Treatment: none
Brucella abortus
Protozoan Diseases
w Trichomoniasis
w Toxoplasmosis
1. Trichomoniasis
w
Protozoan
= Trichomonas
w Infects: cattle
w Transmission: VD (cannot
treat semen for AI use)
w Results: low fertility and
abortions, pus / infection of uterus
w Diagnosis: lab tests
required
w Prevention: avoid breeding
or AI by infected males
w Treatment: antibiotics for
females with uterine infections; sexual rest to provide time to eliminate
organisms from repro tract
Trichomonas vaginalis
2. Toxoplasmosis
w
Protozoan = Toxoplasma
w Infects: wide range of
species (cat definitive host)
w Transmission: ingestion of
protozoan in feces or flesh
w Results: abortions,
stillbirths, high offspring mortality
w Diagnosis: lab tests
required
w Prevention: prevent eating
of infected carcasses (or cook); sanitation
w Treatment: none
Toxoplasma gondii
in cell
Viral Diseases
w Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD)
w Bluetongue
1. Bovine Viral
Diarrhea (BVD)
w
Virus
= BVD viruses
w Infects: cattle and hoofstock
w Transmission: mucous
membranes, semen, placenta
w Results: abortions, brain or
eye defects in calves
w Diagnosis: lab tests
required
w Prevention: vaccination
(killed vaccine for pregnant females)
w Treatment: none
Stunted BVD calf
2. Bluetongue
w
Virus
= bluetongue virus
w Infects: hoofstock
w Transmission: VD or insects
w Results: abortions; weak
(nervous system damage) or stillborn calves; erosion and bluing of lips,
cheeks, and tongue due to O2 deficiency
w Diagnosis: lab tests
required
w Prevention: vaccination of
non-pregnant animals with modified live vaccine
w Treatment: none
Bluetongue Virus
structure